10 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal/low ... ketoacidosis • Alcoholic ... Urine chloride is ... #nephrology #differential ... #diagnosis
Toxic Alcohol Ingestion
Alcoholic ketoacidosis - Methanol - Ethylene glycol - Isopropyl Alcohol
 • Metabolic Acidosis
 •
Toxic Alcohol Ingestion ... • Metabolic Acidosis ... Gap • Serum / Urine ... #Ingestion #diagnosis ... #toxicology #comparison
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
- Differential Diagnosis ... diarrhea), Sweat ... - Normal/low ... ketoacidosis, Alcoholic ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
- Differential Diagnosis ... Chloride Intoxication ... Loss of HCO3 - Diarrhea ... NonAnionGap #Acidosis #Metabolic ... #Workup #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... : Differential Diagnosis ... diarrhea (congenital ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Causes #nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
- Differential Diagnosis ... Decreased Intake: • Low ... NGT suction - Diarrhea ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology ... #Chloride
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
A urine K/Cr ratio ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... differential #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic ... Loss (Negative urine ... net charge) • Diarrhea ... Cell Problem - Low ... MetabolicAcidosis #NonGap #Nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Ketoacidosis: Diabetic, Alcoholic ... Diarrhea B. ... loads (ammonium chloride ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
alkalosis • Normal or low ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... diarrhea Potential ... Gitelman #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management