9 results
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
pressure - Normal/low ... Serum albumin - Low ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... #Comparison #Table ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
A toxidrome is a syndrome (set of symptoms) caused by specific medications or toxins.

There are 5
set of symptoms) caused ... Anticholinergic: low ... antihistamines #Diagnosis ... #Toxicology #Toxidromes ... #Comparison #Table
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
losses - Chronic diarrhea ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Low #Magnesium ... #Table #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea ... Liver Cirrhosis, Nephrotic ... Methanol, Isopropyl Alcohol ... #causes #nephrology ... #sodium #low
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
History of excessive alcohol ... Palpitations • Diarrhea ... malabsorption • Nephrotic ... , K, Mg2+) • Slow ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
biliary fistula, Diarrhea ... intoxication, Alcohol ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology #magnesium ... #low
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal/low ... ketoacidosis • Alcoholic ... the indicated causes ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Drug Induced Lupus vs SLE
Drug Induced Lupus (DIL):
 • Epidemiology: -10% of all lupus cases, drug-dependent,
in >90% - Low ... ulcers, Lupus nephritis ... druginduced #lupus #sle #comparison ... #table #rheumatology ... #diagnosis #management
Toxic Alcohol Ingestion: Clinical Features, Diagnosis, and Management
Methanol intoxication:
 • Accidental or intentional ingestion of adulterated
Clinical Features, Diagnosis ... methanol; rare cases ... #Ingestion #diagnosis ... #toxicology #comparison ... #table #management