11 results
IBS-D Pharmacotherapy

Loperamide
Rifaximin
Eluxadoline
Alosetron
Antispasmodics
Tricyclic antidepressants
SSRIs

#IBSD #IBS #Diarrhea #Irritable #Bowel #Syndrome #pharmacology #table #comparison #management #treatment
#IBSD #IBS #Diarrhea ... Bowel #Syndrome #pharmacology ... #table #comparison
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Hypokalemia - Differential ... NG drainage - Diarrhea ... type 4) - Salt wasting ... Diagnosis #Low #Potassium ... #Table #Classification
Diarrhea Workup and Management Algorithm in Transplant Patients
First Tier Microbiologic-Testing:
1. C. difficile PCR (Stool)
2. CMV qPCR
Diarrhea Workup ... Ova and Parasite ... negative and diarrhea ... malabsorption #Diarrhea ... Transplant #diagnosis #differential
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
Potassium-Binding ... constipation, diarrhea ... constipation, diarrhea ... #medications #pharmacology ... #table #comparison
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... differentiating kidney K wasting ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
losses - Chronic diarrhea ... Familial renal Mg wasting ... Hypomagnesemia #Differential ... Low #Magnesium #Table
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
Redistribution:
 - IV glucose
 - Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis
 - IV hyperalimentation
 - Refeeding
biliary fistula - Diarrhea ... osmotic diuresis - Potassium ... Causes #diagnosis #differential ... medications #drugs #pharmacology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential ... Chloride-rich diarrhea ... other • Severe potassium ... Refeeding after fasting ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Differential
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Hypokalemia (renal potassium ... wasting) • Hypomagnesemia ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Congenital chloride diarrhea ... Supplement: • Potassium
Causes of Hypokalemia
I. Decreased intake
   A. Starvation
   B. Clay ingestion
II. Redistribution into
Gastrointestinal loss (diarrhea ... diuresis, salt-wasting ... Increased secretion of potassium ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Low #Potassium