9 results
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
losses - Chronic diarrhea ... Familial renal Mg wasting ... Hypomagnesemia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Hypokalemia - Differential ... NG drainage - Diarrhea ... type 4) - Salt wasting ... #Diagnosis #Low ... #Potassium #Table
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
differentiating kidney K wasting ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... consumption • Low ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... potassium #nephrology #low
Thiamine Deficiency - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Clinical Manifestations

Causes of Thiamine Deficiency:
 • Poor intake:
	- Diets
Thiamine Deficiency - Differential ... Increased loss: - Diarrhea ... rice, Cereals • Low ... Manifestations #Differential ... beriberi #nutrition #pathophysiology
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
Refeeding Syndrome ... Palpitations • Diarrhea ... , K, Mg2+) • Slow ... #Nutrition #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentations Suggestive of Infectious Diarrhea Etiologies
 • Persistent or chronic diarrhea - Cryptosporidium spp, Giardia
short-incubation emetic syndrome ... incubation emetic syndrome ... less - Norovirus (low-grade ... irritable bowel syndrome ... #diagnosis #differential
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
alkalosis • Normal or low ... renal potassium wasting ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Congenital chloride diarrhea ... nephrology #management #pathophysiology
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) Infections 

Mycobacterial species other than those belonging to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and
Lady Windermere Syndrome ... : • Syndrome of ... Slow Growers (Runyon ... liver enzymes, diarrhea ... NTM #Infections #differential
PFAPA Syndrome - Periodic Fever, Aphthous Stomatitis, Pharyngitis, and Adenitis

EPIDEMIOLOGY:
PFAPA is the most common syndrome entailing
fever (FMF) PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ... pain, nausea, diarrhea ... DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS ... detected with testing ... , lasting anywhere