9 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
NG drainage - Diarrhea ... type 4) - Salt wasting ... Diagnosis #Low #Potassium ... #Table #Classification ... #Causes
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
Potassium-Binding ... constipation, diarrhea ... #Binding #Hyperkalemia ... #pharmacology #table ... #comparison #binders
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... #differential #potassium
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
losses - Chronic diarrhea ... Hypercalcemia - Hypokalemia ... Low #Magnesium #Table ... Classification #Causes ... #Workup #hypomg
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Loss of sodium/Potassium ... Abdominal cramps, N/V, diarrhea ... , Vomiting, Diarrhea ... - Hyperkalemia ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
reabsorption) Workup ... only if no clear cause ... Elimination (see Table ... Treatments: • K-Binding ... Management #Treatment #potassium
Causes of Hypokalemia
I. Decreased intake
   A. Starvation
   B. Clay ingestion
II. Redistribution into
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Gastrointestinal loss (diarrhea ... diuresis, salt-wasting ... Diagnosis #Low #Potassium ... Classification #Causes
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary
Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
Crossmatch - involves testing ... cutaneous eruptions, diarrhea ... - Hypocalcemia ... , Hyperkalemia: ... products contain potassium
Blood Transfusion Reactions

Immune Mediated:
 • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
cutaneous eruptions, diarrhea ... • Hypocalcemia ... , Hyperkalemia: ... products contain potassium ... false negatives on testing