6 results
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
losses - Chronic diarrhea ... Renal Loses - Medications ... dysfunction - Alcohol ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table
Risk Factors and Signs of Copper Deficiency
Risk Factors:
 • Gastrointestinal: Previous upper bowel resection/bariatric surgery, Inflammatory
disease, Chronic diarrhoea ... , Short bowel syndrome ... dental fixatives, Treatment ... nutrition, Excess alcohol ... Musculoskeletal: Low
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
biliary fistula, Diarrhea ... Ketoacidosis, Saline ... intoxication, Alcohol ... diagnosis #nephrology #magnesium ... #low
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
History of excessive alcohol ... Palpitations • Diarrhea ... • Vitamin D deficiency ... hyperparathyroidism Treatment ... , K, Mg2+) • Slow
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency ... gastric acidity, medications ... tongue), abd pain, diarrhea ... , intestinal), alcohol ... Check for IF ab Treatment
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
before beginning treatment ... LV failure - Low ... - Compartment syndrome ... Hypoglycemia - Alcohol ... - HIV/HAART medications