11 results
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
syndrome - Acute ... chronic kidney disease ... Glucocorticoid deficit - Hypokalemia ... Vomiting - Diarrhea ... Diagnosis #Table #Causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypovolemia, UNa ... losses, Vomiting, Diarrhea ... UNa > 20: • Acute
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift
 • Recovery From DKA
 • Refeeding Syndrome
 • Acute Respiratory
Alkalosis • Hypokalemia ... • Small bowel diarrhea ... Inflammatory Bowel Disease ... Steatorrhea • Chronic Diarrhea ... endocrinology #causes
Algorithm for the Evaluation of Chronic Diarrhea (< 7 days)
Exclude:
1. Causes of acute diarrhea
2. Lactose intolerance
3.
Algorithm for the ... Causes of acute ... diarrhea 2. ... Systemic disease ... #management #algorithm
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS 
OF ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY. 

Primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency:
 - Tiredness, weakness, mental depression
hypotension - Nausea ... , vomiting, diarrhea ... - Hyponatremia ... Hyperpigmentation - Hyperkalemia ... Autoimmune thyroid disease
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Algorithm Isotonic ... : • Hypovolemia ... Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea ... #Differential #Algorithm ... #diagnosis #causes
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Renal failure (acute ... Diarrhea B. ... Hypokalemia ... Hyperkalemia ... progressive kidney disease
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
Redistribution:
 - IV glucose
 - Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis
 - IV hyperalimentation
 - Refeeding
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... starvation - Acute ... biliary fistula - Diarrhea ... Tubulointerstitial renal disease ... medications #drugs #pharmacology
Hydroxychloroquine - Risks and Benefits in Lupus
Benefits:
↓ Disease activity, ↓ Flare, ↓ Damage, ↓ Corticosteroid dose,
Benefits: ↓ Disease ... , diarrhea, bloating ... - Cuteanous: acute ... Worsening of other diseases ... Benefits #Lupus #pharmacology
Blood Transfusion Reactions

Immune Mediated:
 • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
• Acute Hemolytic ... Transfusion Related Acute ... cutaneous eruptions, diarrhea ... • Hypocalcemia ... , Hyperkalemia: