21 results
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Urine Mg < 10g • Diarrhea ... #Magnesium #Low ... #Causes #Differential
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift
 • Recovery From DKA
 • Refeeding Syndrome
 • Acute Respiratory
Hypokalemia • Hypomagnesemia ... • Small bowel diarrhea ... : • Aluminum/Magnesium ... Inflammatory Bowel Disease ... endocrinology #causes
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Hypomagnesemia - ... losses - Chronic diarrhea ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table ... Classification #Causes
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... biliary fistula, Diarrhea ... Tubulointerstitial renal disease ... diagnosis #nephrology #magnesium ... #low
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Congenital chloride diarrhea ... - Normal/low ... Gitelman syndrome, Hypomagnesemia ... acidosis: Chronic diarrhea ... #causes #urinary
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
Redistribution:
 - IV glucose
 - Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis
 - IV hyperalimentation
 - Refeeding
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... biliary fistula - Diarrhea ... Tubulointerstitial renal disease ... #Causes #diagnosis ... medications #drugs #pharmacology
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
K; also binds magnesium ... Side Effects: Hypomagnesemia ... constipation, diarrhea ... constipation, diarrhea ... #medications #pharmacology
Shock - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Warm Extremities
 - Distributive Shock - Low JVP
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Distributive Shock - Low ... Left-sided Valvular Disease ... Vomiting • Diarrhea ... #causes
Metformin Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action:
 • Suppresses gluconeogenesis by the liver
 • Increases insulin-mediated glucose utilization
Metformin Pharmacology ... hypoglycemia • Low ... Chronic kidney disease ... • Severe liver disease ... effects (e.g. diarrhea
Leptospirosis
Pathogen: Leptospira (interrogans, kirschneri, noguchii)
Risk Factors:
 • Occupational exposure - Farmers, ranchers, trappers, veterinarians
 • Recreational
infestations • Low ... non-productive cough, nausea ... , vomiting and diarrhea ... Severe pulmonary disease ... microbiology #diagnosis #treatment