11 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Algorithm Cl- ... diarrhea ... due to diarrhea ... #urine #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - ... NGT suction - Diarrhea ... cause metabolic acidosis ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology ... #Chloride
Metabolic and Respiratory Acidosis and Alkalosis - Diagnostic Algorithm

Anion gap - MUDPILES: 
 - Methanol (formic
Alkalosis - Diagnostic Algorithm ... Hyperalimentation - Addison disease ... - Diarrhea ... Respiratory #Metabolic #Algorithm ... Recommended Text: Nephrology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis ... or decreased in hyperchloremia ... Chloride Intoxication ... Loss of HCO3 - Diarrhea ... Diagnosis #Workup #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Renal failure (acute ... Diarrhea B. ... progressive kidney disease ... loads (ammonium chloride ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... with renal tubal acidosis ... losses, Vomiting, Diarrhea ... UNa > 20: • Acute ... #Causes #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Hypomagnesemia • Hypochloremic ... • Autoimmune disease ... Renal tubular acidosis ... diarrhea Potential ... Rhabdomyolysis Treatment
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
contracted: urine chloride ... diarrhea (congenital ... postchronic hypercapnia (acute ... chronic respiratory acidosis ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acute or chronic ... Compensation, Acute ... : - Diarrhea ... restrictive lung disease ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
plasma insulin (treatment ... nasogastric suction, Diarrhea ... Renal tubular acidosis ... Hypomagnesemia, Acute ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology