9 results
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Magnesium, High Magnesium - Functional Hypoparathyroidism
 • High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Low Magnesium ... , High Magnesium ... , Infiltrative disorders ... #nephrology #calcium
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Algorithm Cl- ... diarrhea ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... #urine #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypercalcemia Low ... PTHrP: - Low ... Drugs, Endocrine disorders ... #Workup #nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Decreased Intake: • Low ... NGT suction - Diarrhea ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology ... #Chloride
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... potassium(K) & magnesium ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... differential #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
biliary fistula, Diarrhea ... Tubulointerstitial renal disease ... ) • Endocrine disorders ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
alkalosis • Normal or low ... • Autoimmune disease ... diarrhea Potential ... • Potassium • Magnesium ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... <20mmol/d • Diarrhea ... Gittelman's syndrome • Magnesium ... #Hypokalemia #Nephrology ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Dysarthria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Lower Motor Neuron - Slow, Low Volume, Breathy Speech, Tongue
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Motor Neuron Disease ... Paraneoplastic Disorder ... • Parkinson's Disease ... #Dysarthria #Neurology