7 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Losses: • Normal Acid-Base ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
, Gitelman syndrome ... of sodium and potassium ... acid salts. ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... acidosis: - Diarrhea ... restrictive lung disease ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... #ABG #bloodgas
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Diarrhea B. ... progressive kidney disease ... Potassium-sparing ... Metabolic #Acidosis #differential ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
biliary fistula, Diarrhea ... osmotic diuresis, Potassium ... Tubulointerstitial renal disease ... Hypomagnesemia #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
formed or don’t work ... Myeloproliferative Disease ... vitamin B12 or folic acid ... Workup: • Complete ... blood count with differential
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
ratio 0.5%) Differential ... • Autoimmune disease ... Congenital chloride diarrhea ... Supplement: • Potassium ... #diagnosis #nephrology