10 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Chloride Algorithm ... /low blood pressure ... , a high urine chloride ... Urine chloride is ... #Chloride #urine
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... Gastrointestinal loss: Diarrhea ... Liddle syndrome Low-normal ... • Distal RTA Low-normal ... #differential #algorithm
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... mEq/g suggests urinary
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Urinary Chloride ... diarrhea), Sweat ... /low blood pressure ... #causes #urinary
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
pH Calculate Urinary ... Chloride Intoxication ... • Serum K low ... • Serum K: low ... Loss of HCO3 - Diarrhea
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses: • Normal ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... secreting tumor, Primary
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Metabolic alkalosis • Normal ... or low blood pressure ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... • Congenital chloride ... diarrhea Potential
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
remember than the normal ... volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... can be high or low ... Present (Uosm ≥100): Hypovolemia
Blood Transfusion Reactions

Immune Mediated:
 • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
flank pain, dark urine ... cutaneous eruptions, diarrhea ... , Hyperkalemia: ... Hypothermia: Due to low ... diagnosis #management #hematology
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary
Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
flank pain, dark urine ... cutaneous eruptions, diarrhea ... , Hyperkalemia: ... Hypothermia: Due to low ... diagnosis #management #hematology