11 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Hypokalemia - Differential ... NG drainage - Diarrhea ... Diagnosis #Low #Potassium ... #Table #Classification ... #Causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
(K) & magnesium( ... wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... #nephrology #low
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #potassium #low ... #nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
- Chronic diarrhea ... Hypercalcemia - Hypokalemia ... Diagnosis #Low #Magnesium ... #Table #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Acidosis - RTA - Diarrhea ... NephTwitter) #Hypokalemia ... Algorithm #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Workup #Nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... Metabolic Acidosis Causes ... and chronic) Causes ... Diarrhea B. ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
Causes of Hypokalemia ... <20mmol/d • Diarrhea ... Gittelman's syndrome • Magnesium ... #Nephrology #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Hypokalemia
I. Decreased intake
   A. Starvation
   B. Clay ingestion
II. Redistribution into
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Gastrointestinal loss (diarrhea ... Magnesium deficiency ... #Classification ... #Causes
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... biliary fistula, Diarrhea ... osmotic diuresis, Potassium ... Hypomagnesemia #Causes ... #magnesium #low
Blood Transfusion Reactions

Immune Mediated:
 • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
Causes purpura & ... cutaneous eruptions, diarrhea ... • Hypocalcemia ... , Hyperkalemia: ... products contain potassium