12 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Low intake • Metabolic ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #potassium #low ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... losses: • High Blood ... • Low/Normal Blood ... #nephrology #low
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Congenital chloride diarrhea ... • Normal/low blood ... the indicated causes ... of sodium and potassium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Base Disorders - Blood ... Interpretation Steps for Blood ... acidosis: - Diarrhea ... MDaniyalHashmi1 #AcidBase ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
NGT suction - Diarrhea ... essential for blood ... • Blood pressure ... Cl⁻ increases blood ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Non-anion Gap Metabolic ... Diarrhea B. ... Potassium-sparing ... aniongap #NonGap #Metabolic ... #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... Chloride-rich diarrhea ... other • Severe potassium ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia
I. Decreased intake
   A. Starvation
   B. Clay ingestion
II. Redistribution into
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Gastrointestinal loss (diarrhea ... #Classification ... #Causes
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary
Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
Causes purpura & ... TRALI): Leading cause ... donors (due to anti-HLA ... cutaneous eruptions, diarrhea ... potassium from
Blood Transfusion Reactions

Immune Mediated:
 • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
Causes purpura & ... TRALI): Leading cause ... donors (due to anti-HLA ... cutaneous eruptions, diarrhea ... potassium from