9 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Low intake • Metabolic ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #potassium #low
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
life threatening complications ... treated with IV potassium ... wasting from other causes ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... the indicated causes ... of sodium and potassium ... Algorithm #nephrology #differential
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
from hormonal and metabolic ... changes and may cause ... severe clinical complications ... Palpitations • Diarrhea ... #Nutrition #Differential
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... Alkalosis: Differential ... Chloride-rich diarrhea ... other • Severe potassium ... #Diagnosis #Causes
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Management Summary Causes ... Heat stroke - Metabolic ... HAGMA • Late complication ... Monitor potassium
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Hypochloremic metabolic ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Congenital chloride diarrhea ... Potential Complications ... Supplement: • Potassium
Causes of Hypokalemia
I. Decreased intake
   A. Starvation
   B. Clay ingestion
II. Redistribution into
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Gastrointestinal loss (diarrhea ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... #Classification
Bulimia Nervosa: Complications
GASTROINTESTINAL
 • Dehydration & inability to digest food -> Constipation
 • Recurrent vomiting exposes
Bulimia Nervosa: Complications ... • Boerhaave syndrome ... imbalances (low FSH and LH ... hormone levels cause ... loss of HCO3- in diarrhea