12 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Diagnosis Poor ... NG drainage - Diarrhea ... #Low #Potassium ... #Table #Classification ... #Causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
(K) & magnesium( ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... consumption • Low ... #diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #low
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... #Algorithm #causes ... #potassium #low
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
losses - Chronic diarrhea ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Low #Magnesium ... #Table #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... <20mmol/d • Diarrhea ... Gittelman's syndrome • Magnesium ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Causes of Hypokalemia
I. Decreased intake
   A. Starvation
   B. Clay ingestion
II. Redistribution into
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Magnesium deficiency ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Low #Potassium ... #Classification
Blood Transfusion Reactions

Immune Mediated:
 • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
cutaneous eruptions, diarrhea ... , Hyperkalemia: ... products contain potassium ... Hypothermia: Due to low ... #Transfusion #diagnosis
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary
Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
cutaneous eruptions, diarrhea ... , Hyperkalemia: ... products contain potassium ... Hypothermia: Due to low ... #Transfusions #diagnosis
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
alkalosis • Normal or low ... (renal potassium ... Congenital chloride diarrhea ... • Magnesium ... Gitelman #Syndrome #diagnosis
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
biliary fistula, Diarrhea ... osmotic diuresis, Potassium ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology #magnesium ... #low