11 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Hypokalemia - Differential ... NG drainage - Diarrhea ... Renal tubular acidosis ... Diagnosis #Low #Potassium ... #Table #Classification
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Diarrhea B. ... Hypokalemia ... Hyperkalemia ... Potassium-sparing ... exchange resins #aniongap
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... • Metabolic acidosis ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... • Metabolic acidosis ... Algorithm #causes #potassium
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation ... treated with IV potassium ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... - Metabolic acidosis ... #differential #potassium
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Loss of sodium/Potassium ... - Metabolic acidosis ... Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea ... - Mild lactic acidosis ... - Hyperkalemia
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Inherited (AR) hypokalemic ... (renal potassium ... Renal tubular acidosis ... Congenital chloride diarrhea ... Supplement: • Potassium
Causes of Hypokalemia
I. Decreased intake
   A. Starvation
   B. Clay ingestion
II. Redistribution into
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Gastrointestinal loss (diarrhea ... Increased secretion of potassium ... Diagnosis #Low #Potassium ... #Classification
Blood Transfusion Reactions

Immune Mediated:
 • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
donors (due to anti-HLA ... cutaneous eruptions, diarrhea ... • Hypocalcemia ... , Hyperkalemia: ... products contain potassium
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary
Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
donors (due to anti-HLA ... cutaneous eruptions, diarrhea ... - Hypocalcemia ... , Hyperkalemia: ... products contain potassium
Bulimia Nervosa: Complications
GASTROINTESTINAL
 • Dehydration & inability to digest food -> Constipation
 • Recurrent vomiting exposes
imbalances (low FSH and LH ... ELECTROLYTES • Hypokalemic ... lead to metabolic acidosis ... loss of HCO3- in diarrhea ... ) • Overall: hypokalemia