6 results
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... Gastrointestinal loss: Diarrhea ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #urine #potassium ... algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... , Gitelman syndrom ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
A urine K/Cr ratio ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #nephrology #low
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... (renal potassium ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... Congenital chloride diarrhea ... #nephrology #management
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Congenital chloride diarrhea ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... of sodium and potassium ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
volume contracted: urine ... Chloride-rich diarrhea ... furosemide-like lesion) • Gitelman ... other • Severe potassium ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology