14 results
Acid Base and Blood Gas Analysis
1. pH - What’s the primary disturbance?
2. pCO2 - What’s the
Acid Base and Blood ... • Salicylates Metabolic ... Vomiting D - Diarrhea ... workup #algorithm #diagnosis ... #respiratory #bloodgas
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Low intake • Metabolic ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Congenital chloride diarrhea ... • Normal/low blood ... of sodium and potassium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... losses: • High Blood ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #nephrology #low
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Base Disorders - Blood ... Interpretation Steps for Blood ... acidosis: - Diarrhea ... #Summary #Nephrology ... #ABG #bloodgas
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
- Differential Diagnosis ... NGT suction - Diarrhea ... essential for blood ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... Gastrointestinal loss: Diarrhea ... effective arterial blood ... differential #algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Non-anion Gap Metabolic ... Diarrhea B. ... Potassium-sparing ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
: Differential Diagnosis ... Chloride-rich diarrhea ... other • Severe potassium ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Causes #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Normal or low blood ... Hypochloremic metabolic ... Congenital chloride diarrhea ... Gitelman #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management