14 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
diarrhea ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... blood pressure: ... the indicated causes ... of sodium and potassium
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
diarrhea), Sweat ... - Normal/low ... blood pressure: ... acidosis: Chronic diarrhea ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
NG drainage - Diarrhea ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Potassium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes
Shock - Differential Diagnosis by Classification

Hypovolemic (Intravascular volume depletion)
 - Hemorrhagic 
   • Trauma
Differential Diagnosis by Classification ... • Severe diarrhea ... exacerbation (any cause ... obstruction to blood ... flow) - Massive
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... losses: • High Blood ... consumption • Low ... #nephrology #low
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Decreased Intake: • Low ... NGT suction - Diarrhea ... • Fatigue Chloride ... essential for blood ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology #Chloride
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
alkalosis • Normal or low ... blood pressure ... Hypokalemia (renal potassium ... diarrhea Potential ... Supplement: • Potassium
Causes of Hypokalemia
I. Decreased intake
   A. Starvation
   B. Clay ingestion
II. Redistribution into
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Gastrointestinal loss (diarrhea ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Potassium #Classification ... #Causes
Travel History - Clues to Infectious Disease Diagnosis in a Traveler 
 • Where did you
Travel History - Clues ... association • How ... → Travelers' diarrhea ... Blood transfusion ... HPI #Interview #InfectiousDiseases
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary
Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
Causes purpura & ... donors (due to anti-HLA ... cutaneous eruptions, diarrhea ... potassium from ... Hypothermia: Due to low