9 results
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... Gastrointestinal loss: Diarrhea ... effective arterial blood ... EABV, Low Plasma ... #potassium #differential
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Hypokalemia - Differential ... NG drainage - Diarrhea ... #Diagnosis #Low ... #Potassium #Table ... #Classification
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
A urine K/Cr ratio ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #low
Shock - Differential Diagnosis by Classification

Hypovolemic (Intravascular volume depletion)
 - Hemorrhagic 
   • Trauma
Shock - Differential ... • Severe diarrhea ... obstruction to blood ... flow) - Massive ... #Table #CriticalCare
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Congenital chloride diarrhea ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... blood pressure: ... of sodium and potassium ... Algorithm #nephrology #differential
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary
Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
flank pain, dark urine ... donors (due to anti-HLA ... cutaneous eruptions, diarrhea ... potassium from ... Hypothermia: Due to low
Blood Transfusion Reactions

Immune Mediated:
 • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
flank pain, dark urine ... donors (due to anti-HLA ... cutaneous eruptions, diarrhea ... potassium from ... Hypothermia: Due to low
Causes of Hypokalemia
I. Decreased intake
   A. Starvation
   B. Clay ingestion
II. Redistribution into
factor (white blood ... Gastrointestinal loss (diarrhea ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Low ... #Potassium #Classification
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
alkalosis • Normal or low ... blood pressure ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Congenital chloride diarrhea