13 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
• Normal/low ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... Urine chloride is ... #urine #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine chloride < 20 mmol/l - Chloride responsive (Chloride
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Urine chloride ... Bartter's Syndrome, Gitelman's
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... diarrhea), Sweat ... - Normal/low ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Urine Cl-: Vomiting ... Bartter Syndrome, Gitelman
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Urine Cl-: Vomiting ... Bartter Syndrome, Gitelman
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
: Differential Diagnosis ... volume contracted: urine ... diarrhea (congenital ... furosemide-like lesion) • Gitelman ... #Differential #
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
• Normal or low ... Hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... diarrhea Potential
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Decreased Intake: • Low ... NGT suction - Diarrhea ... - Bartter - Gitelman
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
A urine K/Cr ratio ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... #differential #
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Diagnosis Algorithm ... 2-2.5% or 24h Urine ... Mg < 10g • Diarrhea ... nephrocalcinosis (FHHNC) • Gitelman's ... Hypomagnesemia #Magnesium #Low