21 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... mmol/L - true hyponatremia ... volume loss - diarrhea ... renal failure #Hypernatremia ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Diagnostic Approach to Hyponatremia
Box A:
 • Normo/hyperosmolar Hyponatremia: Glucose, Mannitol, Glycine, Contrast media, Maltose
 • Pseudohyponatremia:
Diagnostic Approach to Hyponatremia ... Normo/hyperosmolar Hyponatremia ... Osmoles: Urea, Alcohol ... Wilkinsonjonny #Hyponatremia ... #workup
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... Hypernatremia ... Osmotic diuresis (see ... loss • Watery Diarrhea ... Hyperventilation #Hypernatremia
Hypernatremia - Diagnostic Evaluation Algorithm
Step 1: Consider history. Most patients presenting with hypernatremia are either very
Hypernatremia - ... Diagnostic Evaluation Algorithm ... presenting with hypernatremia ... DrEricStrong #Hypernatremia ... #Diagnosis #Workup
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Diabetes Insipidus Workup ... DrEricStrong #Hypernatremia ... #Management #Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - ... Algorithm 1) ... Extrarenal Hypernatremia ... Ingestion Renal Hypernatremia ... MatthewHoMD #Hypernatremia
Causes of Altered Level of Consciousness GCS < 7 - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Brain Involvement - Hemispheric
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Metabolic Acidosis • Hypernatremia ... deficiency • Hyponatremia ... Drugs/Toxins • Alcohols ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hyponatremia - Diagnostic Evaluation Algorithm

Step 1: Consider whether Posm may actually be normal or elevated
Step 2:
Hyponatremia - Diagnostic ... Evaluation Algorithm ... DrEricStrong #Hyponatremia ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Evaluation #Algorithm
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia ... TURP Hypotonic Hyponatremia ... Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea ... Methanol, Isopropyl Alcohol
Management and Complications of Cirrhosis and Ascites

Ascites Workup Algorithm
Ascites Management
Refractory Ascites
Hyponatremia
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP)
Hepatic Hydrothorax
AKI in
Ascites Ascites Workup ... Algorithm Ascites ... Refractory Ascites Hyponatremia