23 results
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
Clinically Important ... Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency ... Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome ... #differential # ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
may cause severe clinical ... overload) Other Symptoms ... Palpitations • Diarrhea ... hyperparathyroidism Treatment ... #Nutrition #Differential
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Administration of inulin, B2 ... Gastrointestinal loss: Diarrhea ... 11beta-hydroxylase deficiency ... diuretics, Mg2+ deficiency ... urine #potassium #differential
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
) Deficiency Etiology ... intrinsic factor, IF) Clinical ... tongue), abd pain, diarrhea ... , alcohol use, symptoms ... Check for IF ab Treatment
Risk Factors and Signs of Copper Deficiency
Risk Factors:
 • Gastrointestinal: Previous upper bowel resection/bariatric surgery, Inflammatory
Signs of Copper Deficiency ... disease, Chronic diarrhoea ... , Short bowel syndrome ... dental fixatives, Treatment ... #riskfactors #symptoms
Thiamine Deficiency - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Clinical Manifestations

Causes of Thiamine Deficiency:
 • Poor intake:
	- Diets
Thiamine Deficiency ... - Differential ... Framework and Clinical ... Increased loss: - Diarrhea ... Manifestations #Differential
Micronutrient Deficiencies After Gastric Bypass
Fat-Soluble Vitamins:
 • Vitamin A - Night/complete blindness, xeropthalmia (pathologic dryness of
ataxia), Korsakoff syndrome ... anemia • Vitamin B12 ... immune function, diarrhea ... vitamin #nutrition #table ... #differential #
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Aplastic Anemia Clinical ... anemia, GATA2 deficiency ... , CTLA4 deficiency ... aplastic anemia Treatment ... • Improve the symptoms
Acute Retroviral Syndrome
Acute Retroviral Syndrome is the symptomatic presentation of acute human immunodeficiency virus infection

 •
Acute Retroviral Syndrome ... Acute Retroviral Syndrome ... Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea ... detecting HIV for 10-12 ... antibody test) Treatment
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
HIV) - Vitamin B12 ... , Copper deficiency ... Lower motor neuron symptoms ... Upper motor neuron symptoms ... #lesions #differential