15 results
Abnormal Liver Function Tests - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm for Transaminitis
Hepatocellular Pattern (ALT or AST > ALP):
Abnormal Liver Function ... Severe - ALT >15X ULN ... Mild - ALT < 5x ULN ... LFTs #Elevated #Abnormal ... Algorithm #diagnosis #hepatology
Liver Function Test (LFTs) Elevation
AST - Cardiac and skeletal muscle, kidney, brain
ALT - More specific for
Phosphatase, ALT ≥ 3x ULN ... ≥ 2x ULN R Value ... = (ALT / ULN ALT ... ) / (ALP / ULN ALP ... Transaminitis #diagnosis #hepatology
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
Severe ALT > 15x ULN ... • Pregnancy - AFLP ... Mild ALT < 5x ULN ... disease US — Normal ... Others #LFTs #Hepatology
Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy (AFLP)
Pathophysiology:
 • Defect in fetal free fatty acid metabolism products →
of Pregnancy (AFLP ... AST/ALT (5-10x ULN ... iMedEducation #AFLP ... Liver #Pregnancy #hepatology ... obgyn #diagnosis #management
Liver Chemistries - Interpretation of LFTs

R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ALP)
 • R >
R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ... ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ... - If both are normal ... • Near normal ... #differential #Hepatology
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis 
Clinical 
 • Fever 
 • Chills 
 • Abdominal pain 
Diagnosis
Diagnosis • PMN ... stain/culture Management ... SBP #Diagnosis #Hepatology
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP) - Diagnosis and Management
Ascites PMN > 250/mm3
? Nosocomial or hospital acquired. Recent
Diagnosis and Management ... Ascites PMN > ... SBP: Medical Management ... response - ↓ PMN ... #hepatology
Autoimmune Hepatitis

Clinical Presentation
 - Highly variable clinical presentation, from subclinical disease to acute liver failure.
 -
upper limit of normal ... Hepatitis (eg Viral) Management ... AND IgG > 2x ULN ... AIH #Diagnosis #Management ... #Hepatology
Ascites - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Paracentesis studies: cell count + differential, albumin, protein, culture
 • Serum-ascites-albumin-gradient
Diagnosis and Management ... source • SBP: PMN ... count (WBC x PMN ... Ascites #Diagnosis #Management ... #Summary #Hepatology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
• ALT & AST normal ... • Bilirubin - Normal ... obstruction • ALP ... > 1.5 x ULN • ... diagnosis #workup #hepatology