10 results
Tuberculosis Overview

10 million new M. tuberculosis infections/year
Facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacteria
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) accounts for 4.6% of
Droplets that contain bacilli ... affecting the lungs ... mycobacterial infection (NTM ... • Lymphoma • Lung ... • Progressive lung
Tuberculosis Overview

10 million new M. tuberculosis infections/year
Facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacteria
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) accounts for 4.6% of
Droplets that contain bacilli ... affecting the lungs ... mycobacterial infection (NTM ... • Lymphoma • Lung ... • Progressive lung
Bronchiectasis - Permanent dilation of an airway
WHAT CAN YOU SEE ON CT?
1) Lack of tapering of
segment or lobe of lung ... involving both lungs ... WHAT ARE COMMON CAUSES ... Infection (Bacterial, TB ... , NTM, Fungal)
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) Infections 

Mycobacterial species other than those belonging to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and
Mycobacteria (NTM ... Risk Factors For NTM ... Cause Many Illnesses ... Kansasii: • Mimics TB ... • Dyspnea, • Chest
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
• Most common cause ... level seen • Chest ... Clindamycin in case ... westermani • Other: TB ... #differential #causes
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
Chronic inflammation causes ... Most Common Causes ... • Infection: TB ... , NTM, PNA • Primary ... in the adjacent lung
Pulmonary Infections in HIV-AIDS
Bacterial: 
 • No organism identified, Strep pneumoniae, H. influenzae, S.aureus, Streptococcus Grp
M.tuberculosis, NTM ... failure, COPD, Lung ... /- High res CT chest ... Fungal, AFB), TB
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
Lung Infections ... Legionella: • Nausea ... factor • May cause ... infiltrates, mimicking TB ... reported in 100% of cases
Soil Related Infections - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Mechanism Of Infection:
 • Wound
 • GI: Ingestion, MUD, Contaminated
pneumophila • Bacillus ... maltophilia • Bacillus ... Campylobacter jejuni • NTM ... endemic fungi cause ... possible fever, chest
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome - Overview of IRIS

What Is IRIS?
	• A state of hyperinflammatory response that
(<100), except TB ... TB - Lymphadenitis ... fevers • MAC/NTM ... unintentional weight loss, nausea ... • Leprosy • Bacillus