19 results
Bradycardia Diagnostic and Management Algorithm

CONSIDER ETIOLOGY (not inclusive): 
 - STRUCTURAL: sick sinus, AV block, ischemia,
Hypothyroidism - TOX: beta-blockers ... calcium channel blockers ... LIFE THREATENING CAUSES ... TREATMENT - Drugs (beta-blockers ... calcium channel blockers
Drugs causing hyperkalemia
 • Impaired release of renin: NSAIDs, Beta blockers, Cyclosporine, tacrolimus, Diabetes, Elderly
 •
blockers, Cyclosporine ... Angiotensin receptor blockers ... Sodium Channel Blockers ... Aldosterone Receptor Blockers ... #medications #causes
Antiarrhythmic Medications - Vaughan Williams Classification - Summary Table
Class I agents - Sodium Channel Blockers⠀
Class II
- Summary Table ... Sodium Channel Blockers ... are beta blockers ... Potassium Channel Blockers ... Calcium Channels Blockers
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
inhibitors Other causes ... - NSAlDs - Beta-Blockers ... #Hyperkalemia ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #differential #causes
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification:
CLASS 1 - Sodium Channel Blockers:
 • MOA: Block fast Na+ channels
Channel Blockers ... 2 - Beta Blockers ... Potassium Channel Blockers ... Calcium Channel Blockers ... #Classes #pathophysiology
Bradycardia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

BRADI Mnemonic
 • BRASH/Hyperkalemia
 • Reduced oxygen/Glucose/Temp
 • ACS
 • Drugs
 •
Medications: • Beta ... blockers • Calcium ... channel blockers ... Spondylarthropathies Other causes ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
potassium • Beta ... blockers • Antibiotics ... cell membrane - Beta ... adrenergic receptor blockers ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
potassium • Beta ... blockers • Antibiotics ... cell membrane - Beta ... adrenergic receptor blockers ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology Summary
Cardiac Conduction Phases:
Phase 0 - Ventricular Depolarization:
 • Na+ channels open leading to a
Channel Blockers ... 2 - Beta Blockers ... Potassium Channel Blockers ... Calcium Channel Blockers ... #Classes #pathophysiology
Shock - Differential Diagnosis by Classification
Reflex Syncope 
 - Vasovagal syncope
   • Prolonged standing
Differential Diagnosis by Classification ... • AV block ... side effect (e.g. αblockers ... Differential #Diagnosis #Classification ... #Table #Causes