101 results
Classification of Jaundice
Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (predominantly indirect bilirubin)
 • Increased bilirubin production (eg, hemolytic anemias, hemolytic reactions,
predominantly indirect bilirubin ... • Increased bilirubin ... ) • Impaired bilirubin ... Faulty excretion of bilirubin ... hepatocyte damage (eg, hepatitis
Inherited Non-hemolytic Disorders of Hyperbilirubinemia 

== Disorders of Conjugation ==
Gilbert Syndrome:
 • 5-10% of the population
Conjugation == Gilbert Syndrome ... hyperbilirubinemia syndrome ... autosomal recessive syndrome ... as jaundice on clinical ... #hepatology #diagnosis
Liver Disease in Pregnancy
Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy (ICP)
 • Onset/Trimester: 25-32 weeks
 • Typical clinical features:
weeks • Typical clinical ... fold elevation, Bilirubin ... necrosis HELLP Syndrome ... Disease #Pregnancy #hepatology ... #obstetrics #hepatitis
Biochemistry and Metabolism of Bilirubin
Hemolysis → Hemoglobin → Heme → Biliverdin → Unconjugated Bilirubin (a.k.a. "indirect
Metabolism of Bilirubin ... → Unconjugated Bilirubin ... "indirect bilirubin ... interchangeably for routine clinical ... pathophysiology #hepatology
Hypereosinophilia and Hypereosinophilic Syndrome

 • Secondary Hypereosinophilic Syndrome
 • Clinically Relevant HES Variants
 • When to
Hypereosinophilic Syndrome ... Hypereosinophilic Syndrome ... • Clinically ... suspect underlying hematologic ... #HES #Hematology
Hepatomegaly - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Malignant
 • Primary Carcinoma
 • Metastases
 • Lymphoma
 • Leukemia
 • Polycythemia
• Budd-Chiari Syndrome ... Infectious • Hepatitis ... • Alcoholic Hepatitis ... • Drug Induced Hepatitis ... Algorithm #Causes #Hepatology
Elevated Transaminases / Transaminitis - Differential Diagnosis

 • Infectious: HAV, HCV, HEV, EBV, HSV, CMV
 •
Vascular: Budd-chiari syndrome ... Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome ... • Autoimmune hepatitis ... Transaminases #hepatitis ... Diagnosis #causes #hepatology
Liver Chemistries - Interpretation of LFTs

R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ALP)
 • R >
Check Acute viral hepatitis ... Check Acute viral hepatitis ... week • Direct bilirubin ... • Gilbert's syndrome ... #differential #Hepatology
Clinical diagnosis of Alcoholic Hepatitis (AH)
 • Onset of jaundice within prior 8 weeks
 • Ongoing
Clinical diagnosis ... of Alcoholic Hepatitis ... • Serum total bilirubin ... Possible ischemic hepatitis ... #AH #hepatology
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
vein: Budd-chiari syndrome ... week • Direct bilirubin ... Chronic viral hepatitis ... • Gilbert's syndrome ... diagnosis #algorithm #hepatology