8 results
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Hypercalcemia, Hypermagnesemia ... , Hypothyroidism ... Hypocalcemia, Hypomagnesemia ... , Hyperthyroidism ... diagnosis #table #neurology
Causes of Hypermagnesemia
Increased magnesium load
 - Magnesium-containing laxatives, antacids, or enemas
 - Treatment of pre-edampsia/eclampsia (mothers
Causes of Hypermagnesemia ... Increased magnesium ... hypercalcemia - Hypothyroidism ... Addison's disease) #Hypermagnesemia ... #Causes #diagnosis
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Hypomagnesemia - ... Diagnosis Renal Causes ... Renal Causes of ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #magnesium
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
Approach to Hypomagnesemia ... = (urine magnesium ... @NEPHKIDS1 #Hypomagnesemia ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #magnesium
Causes of Dementia / Cognitive Impairment - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Affecting Multiple Domains
 • Depression
 • Delirium
Decline
Causes of Dementia ... - Treatable Causes ... deficiency • Hypothyroidism ... #Neurology #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Reversible Neurocognitive Disorders (Reversible Causes of "Dementia")
 • Structural/Mass: Subdural Hematoma, NPH, Intracranial tumor
 • Infection:
Disorders (Reversible Causes ... of "Dementia") ... Endocrine: Hypo/hyperthyroidism ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #neurology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... hormone secretion, Hyperthyroidism ... #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Hypermagnesemia - Diagnosis and Management

Hypermagnesemia is a serum magnesium concentration > 2.6 mg/dL.
Symptoms include hyporeflexia, hypotension,
Hypermagnesemia ... mortality in ICU Causes ... hypercalcemia, Hypothyroidism ... helpful in severe cases ... #nephrology