9 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... Assess volume status ... • extra-renal volume ... hypothyroidism • adrenal insufficiency ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm
Causes of Pediatric Constipation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Dietary / Functional:
 • Insufficient Volume / Bulk
Neurologic:
 •
Causes of Pediatric Constipation ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Functional: • Insufficient ... Volume / Bulk ... Functional: • Insufficient
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Adrenal Insufficiency ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... pain, dizziness, volume ... , hypotension, hyponatremia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia ... Algorithm Hypertonic ... Hypothyroidism, Adrenal insufficiency ... polydipsia, Low solute ... #Algorithm #diagnosis
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypothyroidism, adrenal insufficiency ... thecurbsiders #Hyponatremia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Hyponatremia Diagnosis ... Algorithm UOsm ... polydipsia, Low solute ... intake, Renal insufficiency ... #differential #algorithm
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia ... case of hypotonic hyponatremia ... than the normal volume-based ... algorithm Urine ... Hypothyroidism, Adrenal Insufficiency
Pediatric Constipation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Dietary/Functional
 • lnsufficient Volume / Bulk
Neurologic
 • Hirschsprung's Disease
 • Imperforate
Pediatric Constipation ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • lnsufficient Volume ... Functional • Insufficient ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Adrenal Insufficiency Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical features: 
 - Weight loss, anorexia, Weakness, fatigue, GI distress
 - Hypotension,
Diagnosis Algorithm ... hypoglycemia, Hyponatremia ... findings (see algorithm ... around 6-8AM) – if value ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm