22 results
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Algorithm Hypertonic ... Urologic irrigants Hypotonic ... Hypothyroidism, Adrenal insufficiency ... polydipsia, Low solute ... #sodium #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
than the normal volume-based ... algorithm Urine ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... Hypothyroidism, Adrenal Insufficiency ... diagnosis #table #sodium
Hypo-osmolar Hypotonic HypoNatremia Algorithm (Serum Na+ < 135 meq/L, serum Osm < 275 mosm/kg)
Assess Volume Status,
Hypo-osmolar Hypotonic ... HypoNatremia Algorithm ... mosm/kg) Assess Volume ... #Algorithm #Diagnosis ... #Differential #Hypotonic
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... Repeat the sodium ... Assess volume status ... hypothyroidism • adrenal insufficiency ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm

Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
Differential Algorithm ... in addition) of volume ... acid: - Urine sodium ... - Urine sodium ... #Differential #Algorithm
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Effective Circulating Volume ... ”) - Volume depletion ... Hypothyroidism - Adrenal insufficiency ... Table #Causes #Sodium
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Volume Based Approach ... to Hyponatremia ... #Hyponatremia # ... algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Algorithm Isotonic ... , Recent TURP Hypotonic ... Hypothyroidism Hypertonic ... #Differential #Algorithm ... causes #nephrology #sodium
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Adrenal Insufficiency ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... pain, dizziness, volume ... , hypotension, hyponatremia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypovolemic - Give volume ... UnremarkableLab #Hyponatremia ... diagnosis #nephrology #sodium