38 results
Hypercalcemia - EKG Findings
Causes of Hypercalcemia 
• Malignancy 
• Milk-alkali syndrome 
• Vitamin D toxicity 
•
Hypercalcemia - EKG ... Findings Causes ... Milk-alkali syndrome • Vitamin ... #Differential #Causes ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Hypotension - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

Hypotension is commonly due to unnecessarily deep anaesthesia, the autonomic
hypovolaemia or combined causes ... pressure as a cause ... rate, rhythm, perfusion ... and positioning (e.g ... (eg steroid dependency
Peri-operative Hyperthermia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
If prolonged or ≥ 39 C this is a
Guidelines for Crises ... maintained fever CAUSES ... amphetamines) Toxic: • Radiologic ... Guidelines for crises ... #Differential #Causes
Cardiac Tamponade - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Caused by an accumulation of blood, pus, effusion fluid
of blood, pus, effusion ... , e.g. central line ... pericardiocentesis kit (eg ... small volume may cause ... Anesthesiology #Anesthesia
Increased Airway Pressure - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

Using these steps from start to end should
surgery related cause ... rate, rhythm, perfusion ... blood gas, 12-lead ECG ... POTENTIAL CAUSES ... Anesthesiology #Anesthesia
Intraoperative Anaphylaxis - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
• Unexplained hypotension
• Unexplained bronchospasm (wheeze may be absent
arrest where other causes ... chlorhexidine as cause ... an adrenaline infusion ... alternate vasopressor (e.g ... Anesthesiology #Anesthesia
Intraoperative Cardiac Ischaemia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

If the patient is unconscious, signs of cardiac
Guidelines for Crises ... breathlessness, dizziness, nausea ... consultation with cardiology ... Guidelines for crises ... Anesthesiology #Anesthesia
Local Anaesthetic Toxicity - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Signs of severe toxicity:
 • Sudden alteration in
Guidelines for Crises ... anaesthetic (remember infusion ... cardiopulmonary bypass ... Guidelines for crises ... Anesthesiology #Anesthesia
Hemorrhagic Pericardial Effusions (Hemopericardium)- Differential Diagnosis Framework

IATROGENIC DISEASE
Secondary to invasive cardiac procedures

NONIATROGENIC
• Malignancy (e.g., metastatic spread:
Hemorrhagic Pericardial Effusions ... • Malignancy (e.g ... OTHER RARE CAUSES ... #Pericardial #Effusion ... Differential #Diagnosis #cardiology
Intraoperative  Bradycardia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Bradycardia in theatre should not be treated as
Guidelines for Crises ... rate, rhythm, perfusion ... Consider known drug causes ... (eg. remifentanil ... Anesthesiology #Anesthesia