8 results
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... Causes of High-anion ... • Lactic acidosis ... Diarrhea B. ... #differential #
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
High Anion Gap Metabolic ... Acidosis (HAGMA ... salicylate toxicity causes ... lactic & ketoacidosis ... Diagnosis #GOLDMARK #mnemonic
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... Non-reabsorbable anions ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Anion gap metabolic ... ketoacidosis • D-lactic ... the indicated causes ... acidosis, a high ... Algorithm #nephrology #differential
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Laxative use • Diarrhea ... urinary losses: • High ... Non-reabsorbable anions ... - Metabolic acidosis ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Heat Stroke - Differential ... High body temperatures ... Possible DIC - Mild lactic ... acidosis - CPK ... - Hyperkalemia
Causes of Hypokalemia
I. Decreased intake
   A. Starvation
   B. Clay ingestion
II. Redistribution into
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Gastrointestinal loss (diarrhea ... nonreabsorbed anions ... #Differential # ... Low #Potassium #Classification
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Acidosis B. ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #High ... #Potassium #Classification