7388 results
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Elevated Renin Urine ... Fractional excretion of Cl ... > 0.5% Clinical
Urine Anion Gap in NAGMA
NA + K - Cl = surrogate for Urine NH4+
NH4+ is excreted
Urine Anion Gap ... NAGMA NA + K - Cl ... surrogate for Urine ... excreted with Cl ... ThePeanutKidney #Urine
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine ... Cl-: Vomiting, ... NGT suction, Low Cl ... (late) • High Urine ... Cl-: Diuretics,
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine ... Cl-: Vomiting, ... NGT suction, Low Cl ... (late) • High Urine ... Cl-: Diuretics,
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Chloride Algorithm Cl ... Kidney loss of Cl ... alkalosis • Loss of Cl ... Cystic fibrosis Cl ... Urine chloride is
Clinical photographs of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL)

#Cutaneous #Leishmaniasis #CL #clinical #photos #skin #dermatology
Clinical photographs ... Leishmaniasis (CL ... Leishmaniasis #CL ... #clinical #photos
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Urine K+ <13 mEq ... loss: Diarrhea Urine ... HCO3- • Low Urine ... Cl - Non-reabsorbable ... Cl - Loop diuretics
Approach to Elevated Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Risk Factors for Hypercapnea? (Hx of COPD, OSA, sedative use, CNS/muscular disorders?)
(+)
Metabolic Alkalosis Urine ... Volume Contraction Urine ... Cl > 20 (Saline
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
cotransporter, K channel, Cl ... barrtin (recruits Cl ... Thiazide-sensitive Na—Cl ... alpha-Intercalated cell Cl
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Urinary Chloride • Cl ... Kidney loss of Cl ... - Loss of Cl ... Cystic fibrosis) • Cl