43 results
Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome (HHS)
Absolute Insulin deficit:
 - Type I DM:
Pathophysiology ... Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome ... Absolute Insulin deficit ... Relative Insulin deficit ... #dka #hhs #pathophysiology
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Classification, Differential ... - Nephrotic syndrome ... Glucocorticoid deficit ... Mineralocorticoid deficit ... Classification #Differential
Bleeding and Bruising - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Vascular System Defect - Congenital vs Acquired
 •
and Bruising - Differential ... Vascular System Defect ... Acquired • Platelet Defect ... Bleeding #Bruising #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #pathophysiology
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
of Hypoxemia- Differential ... Ventricular Septal Defect ... Atrial Septal Defect ... Hypoventilation Syndrome ... Hypoxemia #Hypoxia #Differential
Causes of Back Pain - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Always assess for red flags. If no red flags,
of Back Pain - Differential ... use, neuromotor deficits ... • Cauda Equina Syndrome ... #BackPain #Differential
Purple Urine Bag Syndrome
Chronic, indwelling catheter + bacteriuria (Providencia, Klebsiella, E.coli*) + alkaline urine
Tryptophan → Indoxyl
Purple Urine Bag Syndrome ... Purple #Urine #Bag #Syndrome ... #PUBS #pathophysiology ... clinical #photo #differential
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Hypokalemia - Differential ... - Refeeding Syndrome ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... potassium #low #pathophysiology
Causes of Depressed / Lethargic Newborn - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Maternal Related:
 • Drugs (Ex. SSRI)
 •
Lethargic Newborn - Differential ... Congenital Heart Defect ... Respiratory Distress Syndrome ... Lethargic #Newborn #Differential
Signs and Symptoms Associated With Different Headache Etiologies
 • Nonfocal mental status changes - Meningitis, encephalitis,
vasoconstriction syndrome ... motor or sensory deficit ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... and coordination deficits ... symptoms #clues #differential
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
mutations - Down syndrome ... Complications: • Deficit ... AlzheimersDisease #Dementia #pathophysiology