24 results
Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia (MAT)
• At least 3 different P wave morphologies: 
• Rate 100-180
• Irregular 
Etiology
Secondary to chronic lung ... disease (COPD) ... • Hypoxia • Pulmonary ... hypertension ... Tachycardia #MAT #Cardiology
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
of Hypoxemia- Differential ... • Interstitial lung ... diseasePulmonary ... Arterial Hypertension ... Defect ** • Atrial
Causes of Pulmonary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
 • Idiopathic
 • Associated with:
Causes of Pulmonary ... Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Pulmonary ... Arterial Hypertension ... • Valvular Lung
Clinical Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension

1. Pulmonary arterial hypertension from pulmonary vasculopathy
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Heritable gene mutations
Pulmonary arterial ... arterial hypertension ... due to lung disease ... lung disease Other ... Classification #Diagnosis #Differential
Right-Sided Heart Failure - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac Causes - Rule out Left-Sided Heart Failure (Most Common):
Heart Failure - Differential ... Diffuse Lung Disease ... Arterial Hypertension ... #HeartFailure #Cardiology ... #Differential #
Abnormal Jugular Venous Pressure Waveforms - Differential Diagnosis
 - Absent a wave - Atrial fibrillation, sinus
Pressure Waveforms - Differential ... myxoma, pulmonary ... hypertension, pulmonic ... #Diagnosis #PhysicalExam ... #cardiology
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Hypoventilation: CNS ... Embolism, Obstructive Lung ... , Interstitial Lung ... Gradient #alveolar #arterial ... #hypoxemia #differential
Portopulmonary Hypertension
Presence of pulmonary arterial hypertension in a patient with portal hypertension
No other obvious causes (chronic
arterial hypertension ... causes (chronic lung ... disease, left heart ... ventricular size, Right atrial ... #diagnosis #management
Hypoxemia / Hypoxia - Rapid Response Management Algorithm

Stridor - Upper airway pathology:
 • Anaphylaxis
 • Foreign
Rapid Response Management ... asthma • Pleural disease ... atelectasis • Lung ... Hypoventilation: • CNS ... Hypoxemia #Hypoxia #differential
Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH) and Pulmonary Thromboendarterectomy
Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension
Definition: mean pulmonary-artery pressure > 25mmHg
Hypertension (CTEPH ... Hypertension Definition ... Ventilation-perfusion lung ... have inoperable disease ... Thromboendarterectomy #diagnosis #management