33 results
Initiation of ART in HIV patients with Opportunistic Infections
 • Pulmonary TB and CD4 cell count
Initiation of ART in HIV ... count >50 • CNS ... of starting OI treatment ... Therapy #HAART #HIV ... Infections #management #infectiousdiseases
Blurry vision in a patient with HIV/AIDS
Anterior Segment:
 • Herpes zoster ophthalmicus
 • Keratitis (HSV, Staph,
a patient with HIV ... Posterior Segment: • HIV ... seen with lower CD4 ... vision #HIVAIDS #InfectiousDiseases ... Anterior #Posterior #Differential
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
HIV / AIDS - Differential ... Principles of HIV-Associated ... Antimicrobial treatment ... #differential # ... opportunistic #InfectiousDiseases
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
through the blood-brain ... PML (JC virus) Brain ... and with low CD4 ... Treatment: • HAART ... treatment • Cognitive
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
CNS Ring-Enhancing ... Toxoplasmosis (CD4 ... Lymphoma (CD4 < ... RingEnhancing #Lesions #Brain ... #differential #
Pulmonary Infections in HIV-AIDS
Bacterial: 
 • No organism identified, Strep pneumoniae, H. influenzae, S.aureus, Streptococcus Grp
Infections in HIV-AIDS ... < 200: CMV, HSV ... Blood and sputum cx ... diagnosis #evaluation #differential ... #CD4
Algorithm for evaluating multiple ring-enhancing lesions in immunocompetent (HIV negative)

#ringenhancing #lesions #cns #brain #diagnosis #differential #algorithm
immunocompetent (HIV ... ringenhancing #lesions #cns ... #brain #diagnosis ... #differential #
Stroke Mimics - Differential Diagnosis - MINT Mnemonic
 • Metabolic: Hyper-glycemia, Hypoglycemia, Wernicke's encephalopathy, Mitochondrial Encephalopathy
Stroke Mimics - Differential ... Bell's palsy (HSV ... Vestibular neuronitis, CNS ... Todd Paralysis), Brain ... Tumor, Traumatic Brain
AIDS-defining illnesses
 - Candidiasis of the esophagus, bronchi, trachea, or lungs [(but NOT the mouth (thrush)]
Encephalopathy, HIV ... Lymphoma, primary, of brain ... Toxoplasmosis of brain ... #InfectiousDiseases ... Diagnosis #List #Differential
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
to Headaches - Differential ... history of cancer, HIV ... Space-occupying brain ... lesion • CNS ... #Headache #Differential