97 results
diagnosis clinical management differential algorithm pocus pulmonary cardiology lung pathophysiology syndrome ultrasound causes endocrinology radiology ct nephrology oncology sign pharmacology
Calcium Electrolyte Repletion Always correct Ca for albumin before deciding if it is abnormal
Always correct Ca ... Corrected Ca ... = Measured Ca +
Tumor markers in clinical practice Colorectal - CEA Hepatocellular - AFP Pancreatic - CA 19-9 Ovarian - CA 125 Breast -
Pancreatic - CA ... 19-9 Ovarian - CA ... 125 Breast - CA
Pathophysiology of Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS) Tumor Cell Lysis -> Release of DNA • Purines -> Hypoxanthine /
Phosphorus -> Ca-Phos ... urine pH) • Ca-Phos
Elevated Transaminases / Transaminitis - Differential Diagnosis • Infectious: HAV, HCV, HEV, EBV, HSV, CMV •
- often breast CA ... small cell lung CA
Hemoptysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework Airways: • Bronchitis • Bronchiectasis • Malignancy: Primary bronchogenic CA, Endobronchial
Primary bronchogenic CA ... Endobronchial metastatic CA
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology Summary Cardiac Conduction Phases: Phase 0 - Ventricular Depolarization: • Na+ channels open leading to a
Plateau Phase • Ca ... leading to slow Ca ... receptors, and Ca ... MOA: Block slow Ca ... channels to prevent Ca
Algorithm for Differentiating Gitelman syndrome from Bartter syndrome • Urine Chloride • Urine Ca/Cr ratio Dr. Krithika
Chloride • Urine Ca
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification: CLASS 1 - Sodium Channel Blockers: • MOA: Block fast Na+ channels
activation (↓ cAMP and Ca ... receptors, and Ca ... MOA: Block slow Ca ... channels to prevent Ca
Abnormal Liver Function Tests - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm for Transaminitis Hepatocellular Pattern (ALT or AST > ALP):
Flukes, Cholangio CA ... , Pancreatic CA,
#1,25-(OH)-D Ca-+ Nat ER Na Cytoplasmic receptor Nuclear receptor DNA mRNA #Lipid synthesis Golgi body Protein synthesis Membrane lipids CaBP #ATPase #Ca-+ Blood #ATPase #Basal membrane #Mitochondrion Vesicle? #Cytoplasmic #CaBP (Ca-binding protein) Brush border Ca?+
#1,25-(OH)-D Ca ... CaBP #ATPase #Ca ... Cytoplasmic #CaBP (Ca-binding ... Brush border Ca
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