12 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Ureterosigmoidostomy Urinary ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Potassium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
inhibitors Other causes ... High Renin - Primary ... Ketoconazole Low ... #Hyperkalemia #Algorithm ... #differential #causes
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification:
CLASS 1 - Sodium Channel Blockers:
 • MOA: Block fast Na+ channels
Vaughan Williams Classification ... Block K+ channels (primarily ... receptors, and Ca ... #Pharmacology #Classification ... #Classes #pathophysiology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Increased Urinary ... #causes #potassium ... #low #pathophysiology
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology Summary
Cardiac Conduction Phases:
Phase 0 - Ventricular Depolarization:
 • Na+ channels open leading to a
Ca++ influx to ... Vaughan Williams Classification ... Block K+ channels (primarily ... #Pharmacology #Classification ... #Classes #pathophysiology
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
inhibitors - Primary ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Causes of Nephrolithiasis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Radio-opaque - Calcium-containing - 90% of stones
Radiolucent - Non-calcium 10%
Causes of Nephrolithiasis ... of stones: • Urinary ... solubility: • Low ... Hypocitraturia • RTA Type ... #Causes
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence

Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
RPGN has three primary ... pathophysiologic ... causes differentiated ... staining): • Low ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... can be high or low ... water intake (Primary ... differential #diagnosis #table
The first step is to separate seizures by how they begin in the brain. The type
The type of seizure ... , and possible causes ... Previously called primary ... Neurology #ILAE2017 #Classification ... #Seizure #Types