11 results
Non-lschemic Causes of Cardiogenic Shock:

Beta-Blockers, Calcium Channel Blockers, Digoxin 

Myocarditis 

Cardiomyopathies (sarcoidosis, amyloidosis, Takatsubo, 
hemochromatosis) 

Valvular
Non-lschemic Causes ... Channel Blockers, Digoxin ... , Sinus nodal dysfunction ... #Nonlschemic #Causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Digoxin Pharmacology and Pathophysiology
1) Na/K ATPase Pump - Digoxin works by directly binding to and inhibiting
works by directly ... increase. 2) The Na/Ca ... increase, the Na+2/Ca ... intracellular calcium causes ... Pathophysiology #cardiology
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification:
CLASS 1 - Sodium Channel Blockers:
 • MOA: Block fast Na+ channels
Vaughan Williams Classification ... inotropy) ACCP Cardiology ... #Pharmacology #Classification ... #Classes #pathophysiology ... #cardiology
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology Summary
Cardiac Conduction Phases:
Phase 0 - Ventricular Depolarization:
 • Na+ channels open leading to a
Vaughan Williams Classification ... inotropy) ACCP Cardiology ... #Pharmacology #Classification ... #Classes #pathophysiology ... #phases #cardiology
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Excessive GI losses ... renal tubular dysfunction ... Magnesium #Table #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Systolic Murmurs - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign / Flow / Hyperdynamic:
 • Pregnancy
 • Fever
 • Anemia
Supravalvular
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Papillary Muscle Dysfunction ... Systolic #Murmurs #Cardiology ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes
Primary and Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary (Essential) (95%) - Onset between age
and Secondary Causes ... taken at home, work ... Hypertension Secondary Causes ... Secondary #HTN #Cardiology ... #causes
Intraoperative  Bradycardia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Bradycardia in theatre should not be treated as
Consider known drug causes ... remifentanil, digoxin ... beta-blocker; digoxin ... Diagnosis #Management #Workup ... #Cardiology
Causes of MINOCA: Myocardial Infarction With Nonobstructive Coronary Arteries
Ischemia: 
 • Coronary thrombosis & rapid clot
Causes of MINOCA ... microvascular dysfunction ... BrighamChiefs #MINOCA #Causes ... #differential #workup ... #cardiology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Gastric & Ovarian CA ... positive in 90% of IE cases ... Septic Emboli Cause ... Surgery: • Valvular dysfunction ... diagnosis #management #cardiology