267 results
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) - Summary

GERD: Diagnosis
• Heartburn (substernal burning sensation) and acid regurgitation
• Chest pain
Extraesophageal
Gastroesophageal Reflux ... Testing Ambulatory reflux ... trigger” foods: caffeine ... Gastroesophageal #Reflux
Efficacy of lifestyle interventions for GERD
Weight loss:
 - Improvement of GERD symptoms and esophageal pH
 -
of chocolate, caffeine ... interventions #GERD #reflux
Palpitations - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
• It is an unpleasant awareness or sensation that the heart is
Esophageal spasm • Reflux ... Toxins: • ETOH • Caffeine
Abdominojugular (Hepatojugular) Reflux

Described by Pasteur in 1885 as a physical sign of TR. Still useful for
Hepatojugular) Reflux ... Positive reflux= ... Hepatojugular #Reflux
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Summary
 - Diagnosis
 - Clinical Workflow
 - PPIs
 - Treatment
 - Acid
Gastroesophageal Reflux ... Gastroesophageal #Reflux
Hepatojugular (Abdominojugular) Reflux on Physical Exam

Dr. Bruno Farnetano @bruno.farnetano

#Hepatojugular #Reflux #HJR #PhysicalExam #clinical #video #cardiology #abdominojugular
Abdominojugular) Reflux ... Hepatojugular #Reflux
Sinus Tachycardia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Autonomic System:
 • Excess Stimulation: Nicotine, Caffeine, Sympathomimetics, Anticholinergics
 • Withdrawal:
Stimulation: Nicotine, Caffeine
Plantar Reflex (Babinski) Equivalents
Plantar toe reflex - Babinski - Move an object along the lateral aspect
Plantar Reflex ( ... Achilles-toe reflex ... Shin-toe reflex ... Calf-toe reflex ... Toe-pull reflex
Drugs affecting the cardiac action potential. The sharp rise in voltage ("0") corresponds to the influx
corresponds to the influx ... the repolarizing eflux
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology Summary
Cardiac Conduction Phases:
Phase 0 - Ventricular Depolarization:
 • Na+ channels open leading to a
to a rapid Na+ influx ... • Transient K+ efflux ... balance out K+ efflux ... ventricles to relax ... to prevent Ca++ influx