11 results
Microorganisms Responsible for Infective Endocarditis

Native valves:
 - Streptococcus viridans 
 - Enterococci 
 - Other streptococci
bacilli - Fungi (Candida ... , Aspergillus, Histoplasma ... ) - Culture negative ... streptococci - Culture ... Pathogens #Diagnosis #Differential
Causes of blood culture negative infective endocarditis

Bartonella spp, Brucella spp, Coxiella burnetii, Chlamydia spp, Tropheryma whipplei,
Causes of blood culture ... whipplei, Fungi (Aspergillus ... , Candida), Mycoplasma ... BCNIE #Causes #differential ... diagnosis #causes #culture
Morphology and Descriptions of Fungal Infections with Hyphae or Pseudohyphae in Tissues
Yeasts with Pseudohyphae: 
 •
Consistent with Candida ... spp. however Aspergillus ... Consistent with Aspergillus ... #microbiology #differential ... septations #pathology #atlas
Common Fungal Pathology 
 • Candida - Small yeast intermingled with pseudohyphae
 • Aspergillosis - Septate
Pathology • Candida ... Pathology #clinical #microscopy ... #table #atlas # ... key #comparison
Morphology and Descriptions of Endemic Fungal Infections with Yeasts in Tissues
Broad-based budding yeasts:
 • Description: Broad-based
Cryptococcus, and Aspergillus ... spp. however Aspergillus ... Consistent with Aspergillus ... #microbiology #differential ... morphology #pathology #atlas
Morphology and Descriptions of Endemic Fungal Infections with Yeasts in Tissues
Broad-based budding yeasts:
 • Description: Broad-based
Coccidioides spp, Candida ... Cryptococcus, and Aspergillus ... , Histoplasma, Candida ... pathology #clinical #atlas ... #microbiology #differential
Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis (BCNIE)
Definition: No etiology found after 3 separate blood cultures remain negative for
Blood Culture-Negative ... separate blood cultures ... whipplei, Fungi (Aspergillus ... , Candida), Mycoplasma ... Endocarditis #diagnosis #differential
Fungal Biomarkers: Beta-D-Glucan and Aspergillus Galactomannan
Beta-D-Glucan:
 • Polysaccharide cell wall component of many fungi
 • Pathogens:
Beta-D-Glucan and Aspergillus ... • Pathogens: Candida ... , Aspergillus ... BAL GM does not differentiate ... Galactomannan #diagnosis #comparison
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Hypercoagulable (APLAS ... 90% of IE cases Culture ... Tropheryma Whipplei • Aspergillus ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... • Blood cultures
Important Fungal Stains
Mycology Lab:
 • Calcofluor white - Fluorochrome that binds glucans and chitin in fungal
preparation from culture ... exceptions are Aspergillus ... #microbiology #microscopy ... fungi #fungus #comparison