8 results
Microorganisms Responsible for Infective Endocarditis

Native valves:
 - Streptococcus viridans 
 - Enterococci 
 - Other streptococci
bacilli - Fungi (Candida ... , Aspergillus, Histoplasma ... ) - Culture negative ... #Endocarditis #Bacteria ... #Pathogens #Diagnosis
My Patient with Infective Endocarditis (IE) Has Negative Blood Cultures
 - Did they receive antibiotics prior
have a fastidious bacteria ... this be a non-bacterial ... Fungal (Histoplasma/Aspergillus ... patient a surgical candidate ... BloodCultures #Diagnosis
Causes of blood culture negative infective endocarditis

Bartonella spp, Brucella spp, Coxiella burnetii, Chlamydia spp, Tropheryma whipplei,
negative infective ... whipplei, Fungi (Aspergillus ... , Candida), Mycoplasma ... under BCNIE, these bacteria ... #differential #diagnosis
Fungal Biomarkers: Beta-D-Glucan and Aspergillus Galactomannan
Beta-D-Glucan:
 • Polysaccharide cell wall component of many fungi
 • Pathogens:
Galactomannan Beta-D-Glucan ... • Pathogens: Candida ... Coccidioides - Negative ... Cryptococcus - Negative ... #diagnosis #comparison
Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis (BCNIE)
Definition: No etiology found after 3 separate blood cultures remain negative for
Blood Culture-Negative ... whipplei, Fungi (Aspergillus ... , Candida), Mycoplasma ... BCNIE Diagnostic ... #Endocarditis #diagnosis
Important Fungal Stains
Mycology Lab:
 • Calcofluor white - Fluorochrome that binds glucans and chitin in fungal
preparation from culture ... exceptions are Aspergillus ... • India ink - "Negative ... #microbiology #microscopy ... #staining #diagnosis
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Hypercoagulable (APLAS ... • Coagulase-negative ... Tropheryma Whipplei • Aspergillus ... Differential Diagnosis ... • Persistent bacteremia
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
Hypercoagulable (APLAS ... aureus, Coagulase-negative ... Negative: • Bartonella ... Tropheryma Whipplei • Aspergillus ... • Persistent bacteremia