22 results
Sarcoidosis 
Non-caseating granulomas (Composed of T-helper & inflammatory cells) 
Clinical:
 • Disease fatal in 10% of
inflammatory cells) Clinical ... lupus pernio • Cardiac ... : Heart failure, ... #Sarcoidosis #Diagnosis ... #Symptoms #Signs
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
Fraction (HFrEF) Clinical ... Typical symptoms ... Less Typical Symptoms ... Consider cardiac ... Jcortesizaguirr #HFrEF #heartfailure
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy - Diagnosis and Causes
Clinical: Dyspnea, Exercise Intolerance, ↑ "Right Sided-Symptoms" (ascites, hepatomegaly, ↑↑peripheral edema)
Physical
and Causes Clinical ... ↑ "Right Sided-Symptoms ... Echocardiography, Cardiac ... MRI, Cardiac Catheterization ... Endomyocardial: Carcinoid Heart
Intraoperative Cardiac Ischaemia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

If the patient is unconscious, signs of cardiac
Intraoperative Cardiac ... of cardiac ischaemia ... risk factors for cardiac ... ❶ Call for cardiac ... anaesthesia #Cardiac
Syncope is a sudden, transient loss of consciousness, which is thought to be secondary to cerebral
be divided into cardiac ... or structural heart ... orthostatic vital sign ... Further diagnostics ... should be guided by clinical
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
- Differential Diagnosis ... >10 mmHg - clinically ... Post-Hepatic: • Cardiac ... causes including ... R heart failure
Clinical manifestations of anaphylaxis. 
Neurological (<15%): Dizziness, syncope, seizures, Confusion, impending doom. headache
Angioedema: Lips, tongue, orbit,
Clinical manifestations ... , hypotension, cardiac ... arrest GI (>40%): Nausea ... #anaphylaxis #signs ... #symptoms #diagnosis
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
Pathogenesis and clinical ... • Other rare causes ... Cardiovascular disease: • Cardiac ... Overproduction #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Diagnosis Framework ... → Syncope • Signs ... /Symptoms: - Lightheadedness ... maintain adequate cardiac ... #causes #stroke
Clinical Manifestations of Sickle Cell Disease

Anaemia
Infection
Painful crises
Priapism
Splenomegaly
Long Term Problems - Short stature and delayed puberty, Stroke
Clinical Manifestations ... Adenotonsillar hypertrophy, Cardiac ... enlargement, Heart ... SickleCell #Disease #Signs ... #Symptoms #Diagnosis