7 results
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
Fraction (HFrEF) Clinical ... : weight gain, lung ... HFrEF may lack lung ... Kerley B lines, alveolar ... → no signs of CXR
Stage III - Alveolar edema
This stage is characterized by continued fluid leakage into the interstitium, which
position Obstructive lung ... The following signs ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #CHF #Alveolar ... #Pulmonary #Edema
Stage I - Redistribution
In a normal chest film with the patient standing erect, the pulmonary vessels
In daily clinical ... In these cases comparison ... during a period of CHF ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #CHF #Cephalization
On the left a patient with CHF. 
There is an increase in heart size compared to
Other signs of CHF ... redistribution of pulmonary ... that helpful, but comparison ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #CHF #Exacerbation
Increased pulmonary venous pressure is related to the pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) and can be
Increased pulmonary ... In daily clinical ... chronic obstructive lung ... Diagnosis #Radiology #CHF ... #CXR #Stages #Findings
Basics of Waveform Capnography
Waveform capnography assesses ventilation by monitoring exhaled carbon dioxide
Can use measurement and morphology
pathophysiology CLINICAL ... dead space, then alveolar ... PHASE Ill - Alveolar ... the heart to the lung ... oscillations - Sign
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
disease b) CHF ... Change in clinical ... Intraabdominal - Orthopedic ... procedures - Cataract ... unless prior heart/lung