Increased pulmonary venous pressure is related to the pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) and can be graded into stages, each with its own radiographic features on the chest film (Table). This grading system provides a logical sequence of signs in congestive heart failure. In daily clinical practice however some of these features are not seen in this sequence and sometimes may not be present at all. This can be seen in patients with chronic heart failure, mitral valve disease and in chronic obstructive lung disease. #Diagnosis #Radiology #CHF #CXR #Stages #Findings #Signs #RadiologyAssistant
