2010 results
A red blood cell (red arrow) is seen crossing the basement membrane (blue arrow) and losing
A red blood cell ... acanthocyte #formation #pathology ... #clinical #pathophysiology
hematopoiesis - leukocyte maturation tree

- Amy Chung, MD, MSc @AmyChung 

#hematopoiesis #leukocytes #maturation #tree #pathophysiology #Hematology
maturation #tree #pathophysiology ... Hematology #Progenitor #Cells ... #WBC #pathology
Varicocele: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Primary:
 - Anatomically: the left spermatic vein drains into the left renal
Secondary: - Renal cell ... for underlying pathology ... #Varicocele #Pathophysiology
Scleroderma Renal Crisis (SRC)

Clinical Presentation of Scleroderma Renal Crisis:
1) Acute kidney injury
2) Abrupt onset of hypertension
3)
anemia (MAHA) Pathophysiology ... vasculopathy, endothelial cell ... → endothelial cell ... rule out other pathology
Pathologic Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphologies and Associated Diseases

Acanthocyte (spur cell),  
Basophilic stippling, 
Bite cell,
Pathologic Red Blood ... Cell (RBC) Morphologies ... , Sickle cell, ... Atlas #Microscopy #Pathology ... Robbins & Cotran Pathologic
Autoimmune Gastritis - Pathophysiology

Anti-ParietaI Cell, CD4+ T Cells, Autoantibodies -> x Parietal Cells, x HCL, x
Autoimmune Gastritis - Pathophysiology ... Anti-ParietaI Cell ... , CD4+ T Cells, ... -> x Parietal Cells ... Autoimmune #Gastritis #Pathophysiology
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
amyotrophy with the pathologic ... lateral sclerosis Pathophysiology ... - Microglial cells ... are the immune cells ... between nerve cells
Inflammatory mechanism of asthma. 
Airway epithelial cells exposed to activation stimuli, including allergens, viruses, and irritants,
Airway epithelial cells ... promote dendritic cell ... These T cells then ... induce B-cell class ... #asthma #pathophysiology
Gastric Acid Secretion - Pathophysiology
Chief cell - Pepsinogen
Parietal cell - Acid, Intrinsic factor
G cell - Gastrin
Inhibitors:
Acid Secretion - Pathophysiology ... Chief cell - Pepsinogen ... Parietal cell - ... Intrinsic factor G cell ... Acid #Secretion #Pathophysiology
Inflammatory Cascade: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Continued Innate Immunity
 • Phagocytosis: (main mechanism) neutrophils and macrophages engulf
Natural Killer Cells ... • Humoral: (B cell ... : (T cell response ... and cytotoxic cell ... #Inflammation #pathophysiology