12 results
Mitral Stenosis and Left Atrial Thrombus on Echocardiogram (a4c)

Mitral stenosis is a risk factor for LA
and Left Atrial ... (a4c) Mitral ... #Atrial #Thrombus ... #a4c #Echocardiogram ... #clinical #cardiology
Pulmonary Artery Catheter Pressures
Normal: RA 0-8, RV 15-25/0-8, Mean PAP <25, PCWP 8-12, Cardiac Index 2.6-4.2
HFrEF,
Artery Catheter Pressures ... decompensated Pulmonary Arterial ... Tricuspid Stenosis ... #Hemodynamics #Cardiology ... #diagnosis
Jugular Venous Pressure Waveform Patterns
A. Tricuspid Regurgitation
B. Tricuspid Stenosis
C. Constrictive Pericarditis
D. Atrial Septal Defect
E. Atrial Fibrillation
F.
Jugular Venous Pressure ... Tricuspid Stenosis ... Jugular #Venous #Pressure ... Patterns #JVP #Cardiology ... #diagnosis #differential
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
- Differential Diagnosis ... Stroke Volume / Arterial ... Regurgitation • Mitral Stenosis ... • Tricuspid Stenosis ... Pathophysiology #causes #cardiology
Abnormal Jugular Venous Pressure Waveforms - Differential Diagnosis
 - Absent a wave - Atrial fibrillation, sinus
Jugular Venous Pressure ... - Differential Diagnosis ... waves - Tricuspid stenosis ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #PhysicalExam #cardiology
Pulse Abnormalities - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unequal/DeIayed:
 • Obstructive arterial disease (ie. Atherosclerosis)
 • Aortic dissection
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Obstructive arterial ... pressure >10mmHg ... Cardiomyopathy Aortic Stenosis ... Abnormalities #Disorders #Cardiology
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
, LAA Thrombus), ... venous origin of CE material ... Minor: • < 25% stenosis ... Artery #Embolism #diagnosis ... scoring #criteria #cardiology
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
Causes of mitral stenosis ... vegetations)/tumor (left atrial ... myxoma)/ball valve thrombus ... #Causes #diagnosis ... #differential #cardiology
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
right ventricular pressure ... thrombus • Digoxin ... severe mitral stenosis ... Fibrillation #AFib #diagnosis ... #management #cardiology
RA/CVP Waveform Interpretation

Central venous pressure (CVP) or right atrial pressure (RAP) waveform tracings can often times
Central venous pressure ... pressure (RAP) ... tricuspid/pulmonic stenosis ... Interpretation #Diagnosis ... #Cardiology #Venous