11 results
Hypocalcemia Laboratory Evaluation

Serum levels of PTH, phosphorus, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D can help differentiate between
dihydroxyvitamin D can help differentiate ... between disorders ... - Vitamin D deficiency ... Hyperparathyroidism #Diagnosis #Endocrinology ... #Differential
Hypocalcemia - Diagnosis and Management
PTH Independent (↑ PTH)
 • LOW VIT D
    -
Hypocalcemia - Diagnosis ... and Management ... LOW VIT D - Deficiency ... #endocrinology ... #differential #algorithm
Symptoms and Signs of Hypocalcemia
Muscular: Weakness, fatigue, Spasms, cramps
Neurologic: Tetany, Chvostek sign, Trousseau sign, Circumoral and
Symptoms and Signs ... of Hypocalcemia ... Extrapyramidal disorders ... #Symptoms #Signs ... #diagnosis #endocrinology
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
Infiltrative Disorders ... include protein C deficiency ... autoimmune endocrine disorder ... addisons #disease #endocrinology ... #diagnosis #signs
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency ... - Coagulation disorder ... #differential # ... diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #nutrition
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21-OHD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Autosomal recessive mutation in CYP21A2 coding for the enzyme 21-OHase
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency ... wasting crisis & hyperkalemia ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... : • Hyperkalemia ... pathophysiology #genetics #endocrinology
Ketosis Disorders
Ketone bodies are a normal metabolic energy source. Excessive unregulated production of ketones, often accompanied
Ketosis Disorders ... complete insulin deficiency ... #ketones #differential ... #diagnosis #management ... #endocrinology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
hypertension and signs ... renal bruit or signs ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... Hyperthyroidism, Hypercalcemia ... Neurologic disorders
Hyperthyroidism Overview

Clinical Manifestation of Hyperthyroidism:
 • Fatigue
 • Weight loss
 • Heat intolerance
 • Depression, nervousness
↑ T3 - Mild hypercalcemia ... causes #diagnosis #differential ... #endocrinology ... #signs #symptoms
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
• Bilateral signs ... and/or symptoms ... • Nutritional Deficiency ... Myelitis #diagnosis #management ... #neurology #differential