800 results
Nephron Remodeling as a Mechanism of Diuretic Resistance. When high doses of loop diuretics are used
thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride ... channel, and the chloride–bicarbonate ... #Pathophysiology
Mechanisms of Loop Diuretic Action and Resistance. Panel A, loop diuretics circulate bound to protein. As
diuretics compete with chloride ... sodium–potassium–chloride ... #Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology ... thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride ... Gitelman #Syndrome #Pathophysiology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
• Fatigue Chloride ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Chloride
Pathophysiology - Renal compression as a mechanism of obesity hypertension. 
Compression of the thin loop of
Pathophysiology ... reduced sodium chloride ... hypertension #obesity #pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride ... thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride ... • Congenital chloride ... nephrology #management #pathophysiology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine chloride < 20 mmol/l - Chloride responsive (Chloride
Algorithm Urine chloride ... < 20 mmol/l - Chloride ... responsive (Chloride ... diuretic use Urine chloride ... > 20 mmol/l - Chloride
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride ... suction, Congenital chloride ... use The urine chloride ... , a high urine chloride ... Urine chloride is
ECG Changes in Hyperkalemia and Treatment
Membrane Stabilization
 - Calcium gluconate or chloride 
Redistribution
 - Insulin
Calcium gluconate or chloride
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Algorithm - Urinary Chloride ... suction, Congenital chloride ... causes #urinary #chloride